Data Study on El Niño and La Niña

Posted on Jul 23, 2016
The skills we demoed here can be learned through taking Data Science with Machine Learning bootcamp with NYC Data Science Academy.

Introduction

El Niño (Warm) and La Niña (cool) are two extreme events that particularly happen in tropical pacific region. El Niño has both negative and positive global impacts, especially in U.S. Western coast and Southeast U.S., In contrast with El Niño, La Niña normally appears associated with cold extreme weather. Data shows the two events are expected to bring above-average precipitation, higher risk of wildfires, more hurricane activities, higher risk of flooding, etc., to U.S. during Fall-Winter-Spring.

The five weather variables between 1980-2015 are averaged from three months of each season. The averaged anomalies for each variable were calculated by subtracting the long-term averaged data from each single year. In order to better summarize the weather anomalies, two typical regions: Eastern U.S. (25-45o N, 65-85 o W) and Western U.S. (30-50 o N, 115-125 o W) were divided and studied separately. The two winters, which correspond two extreme El Niño and La Niña effect years respectively from 1988-1989 and 1997-1998 were highlighted for analyzing and map visualization.

 

 

Data Study on El Niño and La Niña

 

Data Visualization and Exploration

a. Time series analysis of averaged anomalies of U.S. East/West coast

The time series plots demonstrate anomalies of the selected variables. It seems El Niño is usually associated with higher temperature, greater rainfall and higher vegetation transpiration activity, while La Niña shows opposite trends. The other two variables snow cover and soil wetness are lagged to respond to the aforementioned variables, probably due to contributions from other factors, e.g., air pressure.

 

Data Study on El Niño and La Niña

Data Study on El Niño and La Niña

b. Analysis of spatial distribution pattern

By analyzing the spatial distribution pattern of the variables in the El Niño affected winter of 1997-1998, we may know that for the temperature, Central West and Northeastern U.S. experienced abnormally high temperature ranging 4-8 oC, while 2 oC lower from normal record in Central Mexico. Great precipitation occurred in California and Southern and Eastern U.S., which was up to 50-200 kg/m2 higher than normal especially in Northern California and Florida. The snow cover map shows in New England region is a bit higher than normal. Southeast U.S. and Texas are observed of higher vegetation transpiration activities than usual from the map.

map1

The results of La Niña affected winter in 1988-1999 show that the entire U.S. east coast was experiencing above-normal high temperature of approximately 2 oC, while west coast was experiencing cool temperature, which was up to 5 oC. The whole North America had drought trend, while central south has greater rainfall than normal. Another interesting event was the vegetation transpiration in Florida was observed 2.5-5.5 kg/m2 higher than normal.

map2

Conclusion

From the analyses of anomalies of five land surface variables: temperature, precipitation, snow cover, soil wetness and vegetation transpiration, it can be found that temperature and precipitation are directly related to El Niño/La Niña effects. El Niño is more positively related to temperature and precipitation while La Niña is more negatively related to the two variables. South and East Coast U.S. as well as California tend to be easier affected by the two extreme events.

About Author

Bin Fang

With a multi-disciplinary background in earth science, electrical engineering and satellite technology, Bin has spent more than ten years in scientific research and teaching in university and research institute. His previous study aimed to integrate and interpret remote...
View all posts by Bin Fang >

Leave a Comment

Google September 2, 2021
Google Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a couple of unrelated data, nevertheless genuinely really worth taking a appear, whoa did 1 learn about Mid East has got far more problerms as well.
Google January 7, 2021
Google The information and facts mentioned in the report are a few of the best obtainable.
Google December 30, 2020
Google The data talked about inside the report are a few of the best readily available.
Google October 7, 2019
Google Please stop by the sites we follow, including this one, because it represents our picks through the web.
Google September 25, 2019
Google That may be the finish of this post. Right here you’ll discover some web-sites that we believe you will appreciate, just click the hyperlinks.
click Here July 9, 2017
Now I am going away to do my breakfast, after having my breakfast coming yet again to read further news.
Janessa August 6, 2016
Hello my name is Janessa and I just wanted to send you a quick note here instead of calling you. I discovered your Scientific Facts: What are El Niño and La Niña ? - NYC Data Science Academy BlogNYC Data Science Academy Blog page and noticed you could have a lot more hits. I have found that the key to running a successful website is making sure the visitors you are getting are interested in your subject matter. There is a company that you can get keyword targeted visitors from and they let you try the service for free for 7 days. I managed to get over 300 targeted visitors to day to my website. http://www.v-diagram.com/2sv1p

View Posts by Categories


Our Recent Popular Posts


View Posts by Tags

#python #trainwithnycdsa 2019 2020 Revenue 3-points agriculture air quality airbnb airline alcohol Alex Baransky algorithm alumni Alumni Interview Alumni Reviews Alumni Spotlight alumni story Alumnus ames dataset ames housing dataset apartment rent API Application artist aws bank loans beautiful soup Best Bootcamp Best Data Science 2019 Best Data Science Bootcamp Best Data Science Bootcamp 2020 Best Ranked Big Data Book Launch Book-Signing bootcamp Bootcamp Alumni Bootcamp Prep boston safety Bundles cake recipe California Cancer Research capstone car price Career Career Day citibike classic cars classpass clustering Coding Course Demo Course Report covid 19 credit credit card crime frequency crops D3.js data data analysis Data Analyst data analytics data for tripadvisor reviews data science Data Science Academy Data Science Bootcamp Data science jobs Data Science Reviews Data Scientist Data Scientist Jobs data visualization database Deep Learning Demo Day Discount disney dplyr drug data e-commerce economy employee employee burnout employer networking environment feature engineering Finance Financial Data Science fitness studio Flask flight delay gbm Get Hired ggplot2 googleVis H20 Hadoop hallmark holiday movie happiness healthcare frauds higgs boson Hiring hiring partner events Hiring Partners hotels housing housing data housing predictions housing price hy-vee Income Industry Experts Injuries Instructor Blog Instructor Interview insurance italki Job Job Placement Jobs Jon Krohn JP Morgan Chase Kaggle Kickstarter las vegas airport lasso regression Lead Data Scienctist Lead Data Scientist leaflet league linear regression Logistic Regression machine learning Maps market matplotlib Medical Research Meet the team meetup methal health miami beach movie music Napoli NBA netflix Networking neural network Neural networks New Courses NHL nlp NYC NYC Data Science nyc data science academy NYC Open Data nyc property NYCDSA NYCDSA Alumni Online Online Bootcamp Online Training Open Data painter pandas Part-time performance phoenix pollutants Portfolio Development precision measurement prediction Prework Programming public safety PwC python Python Data Analysis python machine learning python scrapy python web scraping python webscraping Python Workshop R R Data Analysis R language R Programming R Shiny r studio R Visualization R Workshop R-bloggers random forest Ranking recommendation recommendation system regression Remote remote data science bootcamp Scrapy scrapy visualization seaborn seafood type Selenium sentiment analysis sentiment classification Shiny Shiny Dashboard Spark Special Special Summer Sports statistics streaming Student Interview Student Showcase SVM Switchup Tableau teachers team team performance TensorFlow Testimonial tf-idf Top Data Science Bootcamp Top manufacturing companies Transfers tweets twitter videos visualization wallstreet wallstreetbets web scraping Weekend Course What to expect whiskey whiskeyadvocate wildfire word cloud word2vec XGBoost yelp youtube trending ZORI