NYC Airbnb Data Insights
The skills the author demoed here can be learned through taking Data Science with Machine Learning bootcamp with NYC Data Science Academy.
Motivation
“Hey, Yu-Han. I am going to Time Square to celebrate New Year this December. Do you have any recommendation for hotels or short-term rentals?” Once I heard my friend’s question, I intuitively replied, “Why don’t you check out Airbnb?” That exchange triggered my interest in exploring Airbnb’s listings data in New York City.
I sought answers to these questions: Is there a borough where one finds more budget-friendly and highly rated rooms? When is the best time to place your order in high season? Feel free to play around my shiny app to check out some cool functions. Also, all the codes are available on my GitHub.
The Data Set
To acquire the most up-to-date data, I used Airbnb New York City’s datasets from Inside Airbnb, which is an independent website offering non-commercial sets of data. For the interactive map, I applied the full 2017 dataset that includes over 40,500 listings, composed of entire houses, private rooms, and shared rooms. To analyze the listings and price changes over time, I collected data from 2015 to 2017, which contains more than 45 million observations.
Research Questions
What is the overall location distribution of Airbnb NYC?
Which borough has a better price-performance ratio? (i.e. being able to enjoy great experience with limited budgets)
What are Airbnb NYC’s price changes over years and months?
Data and Functions of my Shiny App
The Overview Of The Dataset
There are over 340,000 hosts and 40,ooo listings in the May 2017 NYC dataset. The overall market value is estimated based on the multiplication of minimum nights and 12% of listing price. Airbnb receives a booking fee from guests ranging between 6 to 12% and also charges 3% commission fee from hosts for every successful transaction. Therefore, the total average percentage of profit that Airbnb earns is 12% of one complete transaction.
NYC Interactive Map
To have a quick glance at the overall location distribution in NYC, we can use the "CLUSTER" function to group up nearby listings. In this interactive map, users are able to filter boroughs, room types, price range, rating score, and the number of reviews. Meanwhile, there are bar charts illustrating the count of each room type and average price based on users' requirements on the left-hand side. After checking the big picture, this shiny app allows users to zoom in the map and take a deeper look at every listing by selecting "CIRCLE" button and clicking on specific dots.
Listing, Boroughs, and Price Changes
To explore detailed information in each borough, users can slide the price and rating score bar to check which borough shows more listings that meet their expectations.
Last but not least, finding a great time to book your room is another factor that travelers may consider. By choosing the price change per month, you can see that the average price drops a little bit in July.
Data Insights
- More than 80% of Airbnb properties in New York City are outside the mid-Manhattan area especially in East Village and Nolita.
- Brooklyn is a great choice for cheaper cost per night and higher rating score. Therefore, if you are out of time and want to narrow down your options, Brooklyn can be put into your consideration.
- According to the previous booking price (from May 2015) and future listing price (to May 2018), we know that the overall price for Airbnb NYC drops. There are some reasons why. First of all, the New York State Senate passed new laws against short-term rental in 2016, which was a huge blow for Airbnb. On top of this regulation issue, the growth of competition can be another explanation for the price drop. Thirdly, there are more private rooms and shared rooms posted on Airbnb, which are much cheaper than entire apartments. The increase of private rooms and shared rooms contribute to a drop in price.
- There are price peaks in May, June, August, and December. However, during the summertime, there is a dip in July.
Summary: Suggestions for Airbnb, Hosts, and Guests
Airbnb
New York City is the biggest market for Airbnb. According to 2017 data, the estimation of Airbnb NYC's market value is over 27 million. In New York City alone, Airbnb’s profitability is about $3.24 million. For expanding the market and retaining users, Airbnb not only has to deal with regulatory problems but also needs to keep improving user experiences.
Hosts
For hosts who post up their listings in competitive areas, it is always smart to keep looking up others’ price. They can also consider offering some extra service such as offering breakfast, renting bikes and so forth to attract more guests.
Guests
Guest should be aware of the differences in timing and location. During summertime, July is a great time to place an order. For highly-rated yet budget-friendly listings, Brooklyn appears to be the best bet.
About Author
Yu-Han Chen
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